kingdom of laos

Etsy Search for items or shops Where is the Lao royal family? )imports: 0 cubic meters (2021 est. [95], Human rights violations remain a significant concern in Laos. In 1975, the communist Pathet Lao took control of the government, ending a six-century-old monarchy and instituting a strict socialist regime closely aligned to Vietnam. Archaeological evidence suggests an agriculturi The organisation estimates that there are 173,800 French speakers in Laos (2010 est.). Laos's first French-written and monarchical constitution was promulgated on 11 May 1947, and declared Laos an independent state within the French Union. )note: the Laos Government officially recognizes 49 ethnic groups, but the total number of ethnic groups is estimated to be well over 200. [81] Debate on the issue escalated quickly. Setthathirath became king in 1548, after his father was killed, and ordered the construction of what became the symbol of Laos, That Luang. While some Hmong people returned to Laos voluntarily, with development assistance from UNHCR, allegations of forced repatriation surfaced. )$7,800 (2019 est. However, as of 2018, there are approximately 1.9million of Lao's population who could not access an improved water supply and 2.4million people without access to improved sanitation. WebKingdom of Laos: The Land of the Million Elephants and of the White Parasol Paperback January 1, 1959 by Rene De Berval (Author) See all formats and editions [24], An ancient human skull was recovered in 2009 from the Tam Pa Ling Cave in the Annamite Mountains in northern Laos; the skull is at least 46,000 years old, making it the oldest modern human fossil found to date in Southeast Asia. This includes decreasing the environmental and cultural impact of tourism; increasing awareness in the importance of ethnic groups and biological diversity; providing a source of income to conserve, sustain and manage the Lao protected area network and cultural heritage sites; and emphasizing the need for tourism zoning and management plans for sites that will be developed as ecotourism destinations.[137]. For example, Article 8 makes it clear that Laos is a multinational state and is committed to equality between ethnic groups. Its thickly forested landscape consists mostly of rugged mountains, the highest of which is Phou Bia at 2,818 metres (9,245ft), with some plains and plateaus. Electricity is available to 83% of the population. )spirits: 4.46 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est. [50], In 1975 the Pathet Lao overthrew the royalist government, forcing King Savang Vatthana to abdicate on 2 December 1975. )wind: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est. In 1950, the French were forced to give Laos semi-autonomy as an "associated state" within the French Union. WebKingdom-of-laos Definition Meanings Definition Source Filter A former country in Southeast Asia (official name). Other terms are Khmu, Khamu (Kammu) or Kha as the Lao Loum refer to them to indicate their Austroasiatic language affiliation. )$1.393 billion (31 December 2020 est. [65] Provinces are further divided into districts (muang) and then villages (ban). Other carriers serving the country include Bangkok Airways, Vietnam Airlines, AirAsia, Thai Airways and China Eastern Airlines. [141] Laos's predominantly rural[142] population makes investing in sanitation difficult. Let's say that Thailand, being inspired by Russia's recent moves towards Ukraine, decides that Laos is a fake country that deserves to be reunified with the Thai motherland. Laos used to be a part of Thailand and the Lao and Thai languages are mutually intelligible. So, Thailand decides to invade Laos. ), electrification - total population: 95% (2019)electrification - urban areas: 98% (2019)electrification - rural areas: 93% (2019), installed generating capacity: 9.346 million kW (2020 est. [166], Australian filmmaker Kim Mordount's first feature film was made in Laos and features a Laotian cast speaking their native language. Hover to zoom. (approximately $100 million)0.2% of GDP (2016 est.) )from petroleum and other liquids: 2.855 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est. [61] According to the October 2007 UNODC fact book Opium Poppy Cultivation in South East Asia, the poppy cultivation area was 15 square kilometres (5.8sqmi), down from 18 square kilometres (6.9sqmi) in 2006. The national carrier is Lao Airlines. WebThe Kingdom of Laos. )from consumed natural gas: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est. The major roads connecting to urban centres, in particular Route 13, have been significantly upgraded in recent years. [175] Lao citizens who have criticised the government have been subjected to enforced disappearances, arbitrary arrests and torture. A major breakthrough occurred in December 2021, when the 414-km long standard-gauge BotenVientiane railway that runs from the capital Vientiane to Boten at the northern border with China, built as part of China's Belt and Road Initiative, was opened. ), production: 16.04 million metric tons (2020 est. The only legal political party is the Lao People's Revolutionary Party (LPRP). Learn more - eBay Money Back Guarantee - opens in a new window or tab. They were to have been released by October 2009, but their whereabouts remain unknown. Amnesty International raised concerns about the ratification record of the Lao government on human rights standards and its lack of co-operation with the UN human rights mechanisms and legislative measuresboth impact negatively upon human rights. Between 20,000 and 62,000 Laotians died during the civil war. )exports: 0 cubic meters (2021 est. )9,045.788 (2020 est. It is estimated that about 37% of educated Laotians live outside Laos. [155], The adult literacy rate for women in 2017 was 62.9%; for adult men, 78.1%. [119] The economy receives development aid from the International Monetary Fund, Asian Development Bank, and other international sources; and also foreign direct investment for development of the society, industry, hydropower and mining (most notably of copper and gold). Five of them were arrested and subsequently sentenced to up to 10 years imprisonment on charges of treason. The national basketball team competed at the 2017 Southeast Asian Games where it beat Myanmar in the eighth place game. [citation needed], The Lao government controls all media channels to prevent critique of its actions. [72], On 17 May 2014, Defence Minister and Deputy Prime Minister Douangchay Phichit was killed in a plane crash, along with other top ranking officials. )0.85% (2019 est. The mining industry of Laos has received prominent attention with foreign direct investments. [47][51] The royalists set up a government in exile in the United States. [69] Trade relations with the United States were normalised in November 2004 through Congress approved legislation. $2.99 + $2.50 shipping . WebThe Laos and Hmong Memorial, or Lao Veterans of America Monument, is a granite monument, bronze plaque and living memorial (that includes an Atlas Cedar tree) in Arlington National Cemetery. [185], This article is about the country in Southeast Asia. [141] Access rose rapidly from 10 percent in 1995 to 38 percent in 2008. (approximately $110 million)0.2% of GDP (2017 est.) [101] On 25 September 2009, Laos ratified the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, nine years after signing the treaty. [75], Some Hmong groups fought as CIA-backed units on the royalist side in the Laotian Civil War. ), women married by age 15: 7.1%women married by age 18: 32.7%men married by age 18: 10.8% (2017 est. The French language's decline was slower and occurred later than in Vietnam and Cambodia in Laos as the monarchy of Laos had close political relations with France. [104] Later reports have contradicted this, claiming they were sentenced to 20 years in prison. )$12.9 billion (31 December 2016 est. Entitled The Rocket, the film appeared at the 2013 Melbourne International Film Festival and won three awards at the Berlin International Film Festival. WebKingdom of Laos Stamps Album Exhibition In the Exhibits section, E. Moallem exhibits his Kingdom of Laos stamps album. )industry: 33.2% (2017 est. [96][97] In The Economist's Democracy Index 2016 Laos was classified as an "authoritarian regime", ranking lowest of the nine ASEAN nations included in the study. Layers of Chinese Loanwords in Proto-Southwestern Tai as Evidence for the Dating of the Spread of Southwestern Tai, "Let's hope Laos hangs on to its identity", "Slavery in Nineteenth-Century Northern Thailand: Archival Anecdotes and Village Voices", Creating Laos: The Making of a Lao Space Between Indochina and Siam, 18601945, "Laos Encyclopdia Britannica Overview", "Making More Enemies than We Kill? [178] Polygamy, however, is still customary among some Hmong people. French is used in government and commerce, and Laos is a member of the French-speaking organisation of La Francophonie. [87], Lending further support to earlier claims that the government of Laos was persecuting the Hmong, filmmaker Rebecca Sommer documented first-hand accounts in her documentary, Hunted Like Animals,[88] and in a comprehensive report that includes summaries of refugee claims and was submitted to the UN in May 2006. [135] The European Council on Trade and Tourism awarded the country the "World Best Tourist Destination" designation for 2013 for architecture and history.[136]. [176][177], Polygamy is officially a crime in Laos, though the penalty is minor. Find high-quality stock photos that you won't find anywhere else. Lao (official), French, English, various ethnic languagesmajor-language sample(s): (Lao)The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information. )transmission/distribution losses: 2.262 billion kWh (2019 est. [130] According to the Global Hunger Index (2018), Laos ranks as the 36th hungriest nation in the world out of the list of the 52 nations with the worst hunger situation(s). France remained in de facto control until 22 October 1953, when Laos gained full independence as a constitutional monarchy. [144], Laos's population was estimated at 7.45million in 2020, dispersed unevenly across the country. ), total subscriptions: 1.491 million (2020 est. Metallurgy is an important industry, and the government hopes to attract foreign investment to develop the substantial deposits of coal, gold, bauxite, tin, copper, and other valuable metals. Ratio is 2:3. [53] In 1979, there were 50,000 PAVN troops stationed in Laos and as many as 6,000 civilian Vietnamese officials including 1,000 directly attached to the ministries in Vientiane. $58.264 billion (2021 est. [citation needed], According to estimates, around 300,000 people fled to Thailand as a consequence of governmental repressions. The remainder, particularly in rural areas, speak ethnic minority languages. Under the plan, refugee status was evaluated through a screening process. The government of Laos, one of the few remaining one-party communist states, began decentralizing control and encouraging private enterprise in 1986. [27] Burial jars and other kinds of sepulchers suggest a complex society in which bronze objects appeared around 1500 BC, and iron tools were known from 700 BC. )refined petroleum consumption: 19,300 bbl/day (2019 est. ), 40.726 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est. Laos has nine daily newspapers, 90 magazines, 43 radio stations, and 32 TV stations operating throughout the country. The Pathet Lao were backed militarily by the People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN) and the Viet Cong. )female: 10.3% (2020 est. ), Mekong (shared with China [s], Burma, Thailand, Cambodia, and Vietnam [m]) - 4,350 kmnote [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth, Pacific Ocean drainage: Mekong (805,604 sq km), most densely populated area is in and around the capital city of Vientiane; large communities are primarily found along the Mekong River along the southwestern border; overall density is considered one of the lowest in Southeast Asia, landlocked; most of the country is mountainous and thickly forested; the Mekong River forms a large part of the western boundary with Thailand, noun: Lao(s) or Laotian(s)adjective: Lao or Laotian, Lao 53.2%, Khmou 11%, Hmong 9.2%, Phouthay 3.4%, Tai 3.1%, Makong 2.5%, Katong 2.2%, Lue 2%, Akha 1.8%, other 11.6% (2015 est. Although some accusations of forced repatriation were denied,[82] thousands of Hmong people refused to return to Laos. has been the most successful club with 8 titles, the highest number of championship wins. )other: 21.5% (2018 est. )imports: 18,000 metric tons (2020 est. WebThe French protectorate of Laos (French: Protectorat franais du Laos) was a French protectorate in Southeast Asia of what is today Laos between 1893 and 1953with a brief interregnum as a Japanese puppet state in 1945which constituted part of French Indochina.It was established over the Siamese vassal, the Kingdom of Luang Prabang, Very few of the Lao refugees, however, were willing to return voluntarily. There are some Chinas unofficial oversea colonies, like: Philippines, Laos, Korea: Imperial Han dynasty colonized Korea before. Then go to the Tang dynasty and later the Mongol Yuan. Vietnam: one thousand years of colonization started from late 1st century BC to 938. Ming reconquered the nation at 1407 to 1427. Tibet. Xinjiang. )exports: 235,000 metric tons (2020 est. WikiMatrix In spite of war in this tiny landlocked kingdom of Laos, the angel flying in midheaven keeps the door open for the message of the Kingdom to be sounded. )industrial: 170 million cubic meters (2017 est. [17][18], The word Laos was coined by the French, who united the three Lao kingdoms in French Indochina in 1893 and named the country as the plural of the dominant and most common ethnic group, the Lao people. [19][20][21][22][23] In the Lao language, the country's name is Muang Lao () or Pathet Lao (), both of which literally mean 'Lao Country'. [97] The organisation also raised concerns in relation to freedom of expression, poor prison conditions, restrictions on freedom of religions, protection of refugees and asylum-seekers, and the death penalty. [43], During World War II in Laos, Vichy France, Thailand, Imperial Japan and Free France occupied Laos. [139]:3940, In 2004 the net primary enrollment rate was 84%. )geothermal: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est. The constitution also contains provisions for gender equality, freedom of religion, freedom of speech, and freedom of press and assembly. The stated policy objectives of both the Lao government and international donors remain focused upon achieving sustainable economic growth and poverty reduction. Pakxe has also experienced growth based on cross-border trade with Thailand and Vietnam. Words Starting With K KI KIN Words Ending With S OS AOS As a low-income country, Laos faces a brain-drain problem as many educated people migrate to developed countries. ), $7.82 billion (2021 est.) [62], The climate is mostly tropical savanna and influenced by the monsoon pattern. )wine: 0.07 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est. )investment in fixed capital: 30.9% (2017 est. [15][16] Laos has been referred to as one of Southeast Asia and Pacific's fastest growing economies by the World Bank with annual GDP growth averaging 7.4% since 2009. [33], In 1637, when Sourigna Vongsa ascended the throne, Lan Xang further expanded its frontiers. The Lao National Tourism Administration, related government agencies and the private sector are working together to realise the vision put forth in the country's National Ecotourism Strategy and Action Plan. [124] Laos may have the greatest number of rice varieties in the Greater Mekong Subregion. )expenditures: 4.038 billion (2017 est. 0 / 5 0 lt. Thailand (invested US$4.489billion) and Vietnam (invested US$3.108billion) are the second and third largest investors respectively. Luang Prabang and Vat Phou are both UNESCO World Heritage sites. At the same time, Laos has expanded its economic reliance on the West and other Asian countries, such as Japan, Malaysia, Singapore, Taiwan, and Thailand. ), Thailand 36%, China 28%, Vietnam 16% (2019), electricity, copper, rubber, gold, flavored water (2019), $6.527 billion (2021 est.) ), total: 24 yearsmale: 23.7 yearsfemale: 24.4 years (2020 est. 3, "Through Chaos to a New Order", in, Sanda Simms, ch. Picture Information. Laos has the youngest population of any country in Asia with a median age of 21.6 years. Have one to sell? All kingdom of laos artwork ships within 48 hours and includes a 30-day money-back guarantee. ), kips (LAK) per US dollar -9,697.916 (2021 est. [58] Laos had a 2019 Forest Landscape Integrity Index mean score of 5.59/10, ranking it 98th globally out of 172 countries. King Sisavang Vong of Luang Phrabang became ruler of a unified Laos, and Vientiane once again became the capital. [86] In 2004 and 2005, thousands of Hmong fled from the jungles of Laos to a temporary refugee camp in the Thai province of Phetchabun. The government appears committed to raising the country's profile among foreign investors and has developed special economic zones replete with generous tax incentives, but a limited labor pool, a small domestic market, and corruption remain impediments to investment. [25] Stone artefacts including Hoabinhian types have been found at sites dating to the Late Pleistocene in northern Laos. Lan Xang became an important trade centre during Samsenthai's reign, but after his death in 1421 it collapsed into warring factions for nearly a century. Laosball, officially the Lao Peoples Democratic Republicball, is a communist countryball located in Southeast Asia. note: data are in current year dollars$7.518 billion (2019 est. [56], On 3 December 2021, the 422-kilometre Boten-Vientiane railway, a flagship of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) was opened. Laos can be considered to consist of three geographical areas: north, central, and south. More than half of the nation's population is ethnic Laothe principal lowland inhabitants, and the politically and culturally dominant people of Laos. Mon-Khmer groups, the Hmong, and other indigenous hill tribes live in the foothills and mountains. [68] Laos also maintained a "special relationship" with Vietnam and formalised a 1977 treaty of friendship and cooperation that created tensions with China. In 1996 as the deadline for the closure of Thai refugee camps approached, and under mounting political pressure, the United States agreed to resettle Hmong refugees who passed a new screening process. 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Northern Laos: 235,000 metric tons ( 2020 est. ) [ 139 ],. Thousand years of colonization started from Late 1st century BC to 938 Myanmar in eighth. Has the youngest population of any country in Asia with a median age of 21.6 years ] Debate the! 30-Day money-back Guarantee Vongsa ascended the throne, Lan Xang further expanded its frontiers government.: 0 % kingdom of laos total installed capacity ( 2020 est. ) arrested and sentenced. The foothills and mountains Vongsa ascended the throne, Lan Xang further expanded frontiers! 4.46 liters of pure alcohol ( 2019 est. ) 24.4 years ( 2020 est. ) nation population... Of press and assembly World War II in Laos escalated quickly in current year $... Groups fought as CIA-backed units on the royalist side in the United States three geographical areas north... Refer to them to indicate their Austroasiatic language affiliation La Francophonie, Vietnam Airlines AirAsia. 1950, the Hmong, and Vientiane once again became the capital ), total subscriptions: 1.491 (... A member of the French-speaking organisation of La Francophonie considered to consist of three geographical areas north... Officially a crime in Laos, and freedom of press and assembly yearsfemale: 24.4 years 2020... A part of Thailand and Vietnam the constitution also contains provisions for gender,... Released by October 2009, but their whereabouts remain unknown score of,! Items or shops Where is the Lao people 's Army of Vietnam ( PAVN ) and then villages ( )! With Thailand and Vietnam ] Lao citizens who have criticised the government have been found at sites dating the. Can be considered to consist of three geographical areas: north, central, and declared an...: 0 % of total installed capacity ( 2020 est. ) kWh 2019...: north, central, and Laos is a multinational state and is committed to equality between groups... Refugee status was evaluated through a screening process or shops Where is Lao... Out of 172 countries note: data are in current year dollars 7.518. Thousand years of colonization started from Late 1st century BC to 938 areas, speak ethnic languages. Laos 's first French-written and monarchical constitution was promulgated on 11 May 1947, and other hill! Fought as CIA-backed units on the royalist government, forcing King Savang Vatthana to on... About 37 % of total installed capacity ( 2020 est. ) is available to %... Dispersed unevenly across the country include Bangkok Airways, Vietnam Airlines, AirAsia, Thai Airways and China Eastern.... Unesco World Heritage sites 81 ] Debate on the issue escalated quickly [ 81 ] Debate the! As an `` associated state '' within the French Union in current year dollars $ 7.518 billion 2021... Significant concern in Laos: 30.9 % ( 2017 est. ) most successful club 8. Basketball team competed at the 2013 Melbourne International Film Festival and won three awards the! [ 139 ]:3940, in 1975 the Pathet Lao were backed militarily by the monsoon pattern of actions! Number of rice varieties in the foothills and mountains 155 ], This Article about.

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